In frames {weaving}|, threads are strung lengthwise evenly from top to bottom {warp, weaving}. Frame width is cloth width. Other threads pass over and under warp threads {weft, weaving}, from bottom up. Frame presses weft thread down next to one below.
Continuous frames {loom}| can weave cloth.
parts
Looms have rollers {loom beam}, on which warp threads are wound tight. Warp-thread even-numbered ends pass through loops in middle of vertical wires on a frame {heald}. Odd-numbered warp threads pass through loops on second heald. Warp threads pass through frame vertical wires {reed, frame} and attach to second roller. As one heald rises, the other falls, so shuttle carrying weft thread can pass through. Reed presses new weft thread against previous weft thread.
types
Weaves {plain weave} can go over and under alternating warp threads, so weft threads go over and under same warp threads. Weaves {canvas weave} can go over and under every two warp threads, so weft threads go over and under same warp threads. Weaves {twill weave} can go over and under every two warp threads, so alternating weft threads go over and under different warp threads.
In weaving, a holder {shuttle}| slides back and forth to place woof thread above and below warp threads.
Piles of short, thin fibers {spinning fiber}| can make thread. First, people attach several fibers to wood or metal bar {spindle}. Fiber pile is next to spindle. As spindle turns, it pulls out more fibers from pile and winds fibers tight. After that, twisting several threads together makes larger and stronger string or twine.
Machines {spinning frame}| can draw and twist fibers into yarn and then wind yarn.
Spinning frames {spinning jenny}| can have several spindles.
Wheels {spinning wheel}| can turn a spindle, to twist fibers into yarn.
lengthwise threads {warp, thread}.
Threads {weft, thread} can be across warp or fabric texture.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225