paper

Thin sheets {paper} can be for written records.

material

Paper has cotton, flax, or tree cellulose fibers. Cotton and flax amount {rag content} determines paper quality.

process

Shred wood pulp, cotton, or flax. Added chemicals can make paper water resistant, colorful, or white. Added clay or chalk makes smoother surface, with less porosity.

Wash with chemicals to remove impurities. Bleach. Cook bleached mixture with lime or caustic soda in vat.

Long thin slit on vat bottom edge empties onto wire-mesh belt to make a thin layer of wet paper. Water drips through mesh as belt travels. The thin mat squeezes through hard rubber rollers to remove water.

Final roller can apply watermark. Paper {crepe paper} can wrinkle when still wet. Mat passes through oven and steel rollers to dry completely.

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Practical Affairs>Machine>Industrial Materials>Organic Chemical>Paper

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Date Modified: 2022.0224