Green thistles {artichoke, food} can be French, globe, or Jerusalem: artichoke-flower white soft base {artichoke heart}.
green or black outside, green inside, medium, soft, oily {avocado}.
green, small, ball {caper}.
white, large, round {cauliflower, food}.
green, stems with medium leaves {kangkong} {kang kong} {tangkong} {swamp cabbage} {water spinach}.
green, medium, tapered cone {okra}.
green or black, small, oval {olive, food}.
fresh vegetables {produce}.
red, medium, round {tomato, food}.
Greens {greens} can be beet, chervil, chicory, chive, collard, cress, dandelion, endive, escarole, kale, lettuce, mint, parsley, spinach, Swiss chard, turnip, or watercress leaves.
green, medium, aromatic leaves {chervil}.
green, small, tube leaf {chive}.
green, medium. leaves {collard}.
green, medium, leaves {cress}.
green, medium, leaves {dandelion green}.
green, medium, leaves {endive, food}.
green, medium, curly leaves {escarole, food}.
green, small, leaf. Mint {mint, food} can be peppermint or spearmint.
green, medium, leaf {parsley}.
green, medium, leafy {spinach}.
chard {Swiss chard}.
green, small, leafy {watercress}.
light green, medium, leafy. Lettuce {lettuce} can be Boston, iceberg, or Simpson.
light green, medium, leafy {Romaine lettuce}.
green stalk {asparagus, food}.
light green, medium, stalks {celery, food} {celery heart}.
seeds or stalks {fennel} {finochio}.
red and green, medium, stalks {rhubarb, food}.
American tropical-plant white root {arrowroot} can make starch.
orange, medium, long tapered cone {carrot, food}.
white, root {celery root} {celeriac} {knob celery}.
white, medium, round {parsnip}.
root, light flavor {salsify} {oyster plant}.
white, medium, oval {cassava, food} {taro root}.
arum root {tuckahoe}.
red, medium, round root {beet}.
beet, green, large, leaves {chard, food}.
red, medium, round {sugar beet, food}.
Potatoes {potato, food} can be new, Idaho, russet, or white and be brown, white, or red outside; white inside; medium; and oval.
yellow or orange, medium, oval {sweet potato, food}.
red, medium, oval {yam, food}.
red outside, white inside, small, round {radish} {watermelon radish}.
white, medium {horseradish}.
medium, round {turnip, food}. Turnips can be white or yellow, with some purple.
plant base {kohlrabi} {cabbage turnip}.
yellow turnip, medium, round {rutabaga, food}.
white, medium, round {white turnip}.
yellow, medium, round {yellow turnip}.
small, aromatic, from caraway plant {caraway seed}.
small, from hemp grass {hemp seed}.
yellow, small seed, from mustard plant {mustard, food}.
large, thick shell, from pumpkin vine {pumpkin seed}.
small, oily, from sesame plant {sesame seed}.
large, oily, from sunflower plant {sunflower seed}.
Cereals {cereal} can be barley, brown rice, buckwheat, corn, kamut, maize, millet, oats, rye, rice, sorghum, spelt, wheat, and wild rice.
small triangular seeds from buckwheat plant {buckwheat}.
dried green cone-shaped flowers from hop vine {hops}.
white seeds from millet grass {millet, food}.
Grains {rice, food} can be white, brown, long-grain, or wild rice.
Near East grass {sorghum, food} can make syrup and be forage.
cereal grass {barley, food}.
sprouted barley {malt} {malted barley} {barley malt}.
yellow or white, medium, cylinder {corn, food}.
ground yellow or white dried corn kernels {corn meal}.
white, purple, red, or yellow, medium, cylinder {field corn}.
white corn kernels ground into small bits {grits}, not finely ground.
dried corn kernels {hominy}.
corn {maize, food}.
Hard kernel white corn {popcorn} {popped corn} has kernels that can explode open as water inside becomes steam when heated.
yellow or white, medium, cylinder {sweet corn}.
cereal grass {oats, food}.
rolled oat grains {oatmeal}.
cereal grass {rye, food}.
Dark rye bread {pumpernickel} can have coarse ground rye.
Cereal grass {wheat, food} can be hard {durum wheat}, soft {farina}, or hard {semolina}.
wheat-seed fatty part {wheat germ}.
Finely ground and sifted huskless wheat flour {all-purpose flour} can have no baking powder, baking soda, or salt.
Finely ground and sifted hard wheat flour {bread flour} can have no baking powder, baking soda, or salt.
Finely ground and sifted soft wheat flour {cake flour} can have baking powder and salt.
Ground wheat {flour} can be all-purpose, bread, buckwheat, cake, graham, rye, soy, whole wheat, or self-rising.
branless whole-wheat flour {graham}.
Finely ground and sifted wheat flour can have baking powder and salt {self-rising flour}.
baked wheat, thin, crisp, flat {cracker, food}.
graham wheat flour and sugar {Graham cracker}.
Flour, water, and sometimes eggs can be dried ribbons {noodle}.
wheat or rice flour mixed with egg and water and extruded {egg noodle}.
noodles in very thin strings {angel hair} {capellini}.
flat wide no-egg noodles {lasagna noodle}.
tube no-egg noodles {macaroni}.
flour and water no-egg dough {pasta}.
Tubes {rigatoni} can have lengthwise ribs.
Noodles {shell, food} can have shape like small shells.
noodles in long strings {spaghetti}.
noodles in long thin strings {vermicelli}.
grain husks {bran}.
Cereal-grain proteins {gluten} can be like glue.
Flour mixed with yeast {leavening} can add carbon dioxide, to raise bread before baking. Baking evaporates alcohol.
Soft food {pabulum, food} can be from finely ground rice or wheat and water or milk.
beech-tree nut {beechnut}.
Large nuts {Brazil nut} can have a hard shell.
cashew-tree crescent-shaped nut {cashew, food}.
Large chestnut-tree nuts {chestnut, food} can have a prickly cover.
Hazel-tree nuts {hazelnut} {filbert, food} can have a smooth shell in a husk.
Hickory-tree nuts {hickory nut} can have a hard shell.
Hawaii medium soft nut {macadamia nut}.
Underground peanut-vine medium nuts {peanut, food} can have a thin brittle shell.
Pecan-tree large nuts {pecan} can have a hard shell.
pine-tree small nut {pignoli} {pine nut, food}.
Pistachio-tree medium green nuts {pistachio} can have a hard shell.
Walnut-tree nuts {walnut, food} can have a hard shell.
Chinese sedge-grass corms {water chestnut} grow in wetlands.
Nuts {almond, food} can be medium and oval and plain, blanched, or extract. Shell is light brown and light.
candied almond {Jordan almond}.
Brazil berry {acai}.
yellow-orange, medium {apricot}.
red, small {cherry, food}.
red, tart, small {currant, food}.
brown, small {date, food}.
purple or brown, medium {fig, food}.
Tibet berry {goji}.
from New Zealand, green or gold, medium {kiwi, food}.
green outside, orange inside, large {mango}.
fleshy {papaw} {pawpaw, food}.
yellow, tropical, large {papaya}.
orange, medium {persimmon, food}.
yellow, large {pineapple}.
red, large {pomegranate}.
red, small {quince}.
white flesh {soursop}.
red or green {cooking apple}.
green-red {crabapple, food}.
red {delicious apple}.
green {Granny Smith}.
green {green apple}.
green {jujube apple}.
red {Macintosh}.
red {red apple}.
red {red delicious apple}.
red {Winesap}.
yellow outside, white inside, large {banana, food}.
banana-like, for cooking {plantain, food}.
Berries {berry, food} include blackberry, blueberry, boysenberry, cloudberry, huckleberry, lingonberry, loganberry, olalaberry, raspberry, and strawberry.
dark purple {blackberry, food}.
blue {blueberry, food}.
dark purple {boysenberry}.
pale green {cloudberry}.
red, round, firm {cranberry, food}.
Rubus caesius bramble bush has purple/black raspberry-shaped berries {dewberry}.
pale green {gooseberry}.
blueberry-like {huckleberry, food}.
red {lingonberry}.
blackberry and raspberry hybrid {loganberry}.
boysenberry and raspberry hybrid {olalaberry} {olallieberry}.
red {raspberry, food}.
red {strawberry}.
Fruits {citrus} can include grapefruit, orange, lemon, and lime.
green outside, orange inside {calamansi} {Philippine orange}.
small seedless cross between Chinese mandarin orange and sweet orange {clementine}.
yellow, large {cocktail grapefruit} {Japanese grapefruit}.
yellow, large {grapefruit, food}.
related to citrus, orange, small, edible skin {kumquat}.
yellow, medium {lemon}.
green, small {lime, food}.
green outside, orange inside, small, seedless {mandarin orange}.
cross between tangerine and grapefruit {minneola orange}.
orange, medium, no seeds {navel orange}.
orange, medium {orange, food}.
mild grapefruit {oroblanco}.
Japanese, tangerine-like {satsuma}.
orange and medium cross between tangerine, orange, and grapefruit {tangelo} {ugli tangelo},.
orange, medium {tangerine}.
orange, medium, seeds {Valencia orange}.
Grapes {grape, fruit} can be Concord, white, scuppernong, or Tokay.
purple {Concord grape}.
purple muscadine {cowart grape}.
white, sweet {muscadine grape}.
white, sweet, used for wine and raisins {muscat grape}.
green or bronze muscadine {scuppernong grape}.
large, red, oval, seeds {Flame Tokay grape} {Tokay grape}.
white {white grape}.
orange, like muskmelon {cantaloupe}.
orange, like cantaloupe {muskmelon}.
green {Persian melon}.
green outside, red inside {watermelon, food}.
casaba, crenshaw, honeydew {winter melon} {Inodorus Group}.
yellow outside, white inside {casaba melon}.
large, oval, light orange outside, pink inside {Crenshaw melon}.
green {honeydew melon}.
yellow-orange, medium {peach}.
Peaches {nectarine} can be white or yellow-orange and have smooth skin with no fuzz.
brown or yellow, medium {pear}.
brown outside, white inside, large {Bartlett pear}.
Plums {plum, food} can be damson, red, or black.
dark purple {black plum}.
dark purple {damson plum}.
red {red plum}.
Bitter cherry {maraschino cherry} can be in maraschino liqueur.
dried grape {raisin, fruit}.
purple, small {prune, fruit}.
purple, medium {Italian prune}.
Beans {bean, food} can be navy, black, kidney, lima, string, wax, pinto, soy, or dried and are green, red, or white; small; and in pods.
white fermented bean {bean curd}.
mung-bean white sprout {bean sprout}.
yellow-orange, small, round {golden bean}.
green, small, round {green bean}.
red, small, round {kidney bean}.
brown, small, disc, bean {lentil}.
green, small, round {lima bean}.
dark red, small, round {navy bean}.
small, round {pinto bean}.
green, medium {pole bean}.
Green, small, and round beans {soybean} can be bitter but debittering can make flour, grits, and flakes. Beans {soy, food} {edamame} can make soy sauce. Stalks are for forage.
Beans {string bean} {snap bean} can be green or wax.
yellow or white, small {wax bean}.
Peas {pea, food} can be black-eyed, yellow eyed, or green and are green, small, round, and in pods.
small white pea with black spot, in pods {black-eyed pea}.
small green ball, in pods {field pea}.
green, small, round {split pea}.
green, medium, crowns {broccoli}.
green, medium, round {Brussels sprout, food}.
green or red or purple, large, round {cabbage, food}.
cabbage with cylinder shape {bok choy} {pak choy} {tot soi} {totsoi}.
cabbage with cylinder shape {Chinese cabbage} {Napa cabbage} {su choy}.
green, medium, round {green cabbage}. similar to red cabbage.
cabbage with loose curly leaves {kale, food}.
red, medium, round {red cabbage}. similar to green cabbage.
cabbage in vinegar and salt {sauerkraut}.
green, loose crinkled leaves {Savoy cabbage}.
brown outside, white inside, large, oval {coconut, food}.
Dried coconut meaty inner-lining pieces {copra} store well.
green outside, white inside, medium, cylinder {cucumber}.
green outside, white inside, medium, cylinder {gherkin}.
Cucumbers in brine {pickle} can have dill or sugar.
cucumber in vinegar and salt {sour pickle}.
cucumber in vinegar, salt, and sugar {sweet pickle}.
Onions {onion} can be Bermuda, white, red, yellow, or green and are red, yellow, or white; medium; and round.
yellow-white, medium, round root {Bermuda onion}.
white, small, round {garlic}.
white, large, stalk {leek}.
green onion, stalk {scallion}.
white, medium, round {shallot}.
green, medium, oval {green pepper}.
red or green, medium, oval {hot pepper}.
roasted sweet red pepper {pimiento}.
red pepper {cayenne pepper} {red pepper}.
dried red-pepper fruit {chili powder}.
powdered dried sweet red pepper {paprika}.
small hot chile pepper {jalape-o}.
dried and smoked jalape-o chile {chipotle}.
Yellow or orange, medium, round vegetables {squash, food} can be acorn, Hubbard, summer, winter, crookneck, or spaghetti.
green, medium, fleshy {acorn squash}.
large, oval, gray-green, thick rind {hubbard squash} {winter squash}.
orange, large, round {pumpkin, food}.
purple outside, white inside, medium, cylinder {eggplant, food}.
yellow, medium, round {summer squash}.
green, medium, cylinder {zucchini}.
Mushrooms can be button, oyster, portabella, and wood ear, are white and small or medium, and have stalk and cap {mushroom, food}.
fungus, medium {truffle, food}.
American tropical-tree berries {allspice}.
Asian tropical-tree bark {cinnamon}.
evergreen-tree flower bud {clove}.
dried Asian tropical vine berry, or pepper-bush fruit {pepper, food} {black pepper}. Pepper bushes have dried fruits {corn, pepper} {peppercorn}.
dried yellow-orange crocus stigmas {saffron, spice}.
Asian plant root {ginger, food}.
India dried yellow plant root {turmeric}.
Asian-perennial fruit seed {cardamom} {cardamon} {cardamum}.
herb seeds {coriander}.
Annual Mediterranean parsley-family herb seed {cumin} (Cuminum cyminum).
nutmeg seed cover {mace, spice}.
tropical tree seeds {nutmeg}.
basil-plant leaves {basil}.
laurel-tree leaf {bay leaf}.
herb leaves and seeds {dill}.
evergreen-shrub leaves {rosemary, spice}.
sage plant leaves {sage, spice}.
herb leaves {savory, spice}.
herb leaves {tarragon}.
thyme plant leaves {thyme, spice}.
marjoram plant leaves {marjoram}.
marjoram plant leaves {oregano}.
vegetables, alcohol, bitters {Angostura bitters}.
chervil, thyme, and other spices {bouquet garni, spice}.
cumin and other spices {curry powder}.
chervil, parsley, chive, and tarragon {fines herbes}.
sugar and gelatin or gum arabic {gumdrop}.
Shaved ice {ice} can have sugar and flavoring.
licorice plant root {licorice}.
honey, or sugar and nut {nougat}.
hard sugar candy {rock candy}.
pectin and unripe acid fruit {jelly}.
boiled fruit and sugar {jam}.
citrus-fruit pulp and rind {marmalade}.
sugar-cane or sugar-beet sugar {sugar, food}.
Mexico unbleached cane sugar in fine crystals {azucar morena sugar}.
sugar containing molasses {brown sugar}.
Chile and Peru dark-brown cane sugar in flat round cake shape {chancaca sugar}.
Mauritius unbleached cane sugar in large crystals {demerara sugar}.
India palm sap in paste {gur sugar}.
India cane sugar or palm sap in pyramid shape {jaggery sugar}.
honey-like sugar from malted barley and millet {maltose sugar}.
Mauritius dark-brown cane sugar {muscovado sugar}.
sugar from palmyra or coconut palms in oily paste or as discs {palm sugar} {coconut sugar}.
Mexico dark-brown cane sugar in flat round cake shape {panela sugar}.
Mexico dark-brown cane sugar in cone shape {piloncillo sugar}.
East-Indies tall stout grass stem {sugar cane, food}.
China colored cane sugar in large chunks {yellow lump sugar}.
fine-grained white sugar {castor sugar}.
fine ground sugar with 3% cornstarch {confectioner's sugar}.
ground sugar {granulated sugar}.
less finely ground confectioner's sugar {powdered sugar}.
clear cane sugar in large chunks from China {rock sugar}.
clear or golden thick corn-sugar solution {corn syrup}.
pomegranate or red currant syrup {grenadine syrup}.
concentrated sugar-maple sap {maple syrup}.
Removing thick syrup {molasses} from sugar cane leaves white sugar. Molasses contains sulfur, which processing removes.
light syrup {treacle}.
starch from corn {cornstarch}.
boiled skin, bone, and connective-tissue protein {gelatin} {gelatine}.
ripe-fruit protein {pectin, food}.
Calf-stomach enzymes {rennet} {rennin} {chymosin} can curdle milk, for cheese and junket.
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0225