Chronic fear or apprehension {anxiety}, without stimulus, can cause physiological discomfort.
guilt
People have feelings that they were, are, or will be at fault. Guilt is anxiety.
shame
People feel shame when they believe that others know their guilt.
types
Anxiety can be transitory {state anxiety} or long lasting {trait anxiety}.
causes
Traumatic, dangerous, unexpected, or embarrassing thoughts, events, or impulses, especially if they associate with pain or punishment, trigger anxiety. Worry or fear of something in the future can cause mental distress. Pain, severe punishment, frequent mood changes, guilty feelings, and inability to adapt can cause anxiety.
Anxiety can result from stimulus-punishment pair, such as sexual stimuli and aggression.
When mothers bear siblings, or people receive continual reproval, anticipating losing parent affection and nurturance can cause anxiety.
Unexpected people and events in familiar situations can cause anxiety.
Guilty feelings can be because one's thoughts and actions differ from high standards set by self or others.
effects
Anxious people can have rapid pulse, strong heartbeat, perspiration, trembling, throat and mouth dryness, and empty feelings in stomach.
effects: avoidance
Anxiety is an avoidance goal or drive, and danger signal arouses it. Behavior that reduces anxiety has reinforcement, so one response is to avoid signal.
factors: age
Anxiety can begin at age two or three.
factors: learning
People can learn anxiety arousal.
Social Sciences>Psychology>Cognition>Emotion
6-Psychology-Cognition-Emotion
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Date Modified: 2022.0224