Laws {international law} can apply to state relations.
public international law
Public international law governs nation relations. Public international law includes state recognition, responsibilities, succession, and jurisdiction. It is also about treaties, diplomacy, immunities, consuls, arbitration, aggression, criminal law, territorial waters, high seas, air space, space, aliens, nationality, and asylum.
public international law: rules
Most rules have wide acceptance, but they are actually unenforceable. Rules developed from customs and international-jurist decisions. Treaties and conventions determine international law.
public international law: war rules
War rules rest on three principles: military necessity, humanity, and chivalry. In ancient times, war was neither just nor unjust and had no regulations. After World War II, soldiers can be responsible for acts committed on command of superiors. Aggressive wars are now crimes, and its makers are criminals.
rivers
On rivers shared or needed by several nations, countries have right of freedom of navigation. Main river-channel center is boundary between two nations.
maritime law
Actions in maritime law are against ships themselves, not against owners or operators. Liability limit is ship and cargo value. Ships are territory of country of registry, except when in port.
travel
Airplane, ship, and railway passengers have freedom of transit. Panama, Suez, and Kiel canals are international and neutral, so passengers and vessels have right of innocent passage.
persons
Individuals in other countries can only ask their governments to deal with other governments. Individuals cannot act against citizens or governments in other countries. Refugees and displaced persons have no rights, because they have no home government. Public international law is not about citizen rights.
Social Sciences>Law>National>International Law
6-Law-National-International Law
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Date Modified: 2022.0224