point particles

Point particles {point particle} are zero-dimensional points with quanta. Point particles have quantum-mechanical waves. Point particles preserve symmetries and conservation laws.

virtual particles

Point-particle quantum mechanics allows virtual particles. Two virtual point particles can appear (particle creation) from space-vacuum energy (negative-energy-particle field) fluctuations. Two virtual point particles can become space-vacuum photon energy (particle annihilation).

energy

Because point particles have only one point, and space has no compactified dimensions, point particles have only positive real-number energies and masses. Point particles have no size and do not change size, so they cannot have infinite energy.

particle properties

Point particles have no mechanism for particle spin, orientation, or other properties and no mechanism to make spin-2 bosons (gravitons).

Point particles can have any rest mass and so can have zero rest mass.

space dimensions

Point particles have one point of zero dimension and so do not require unobserved dimensions. Point particles have no mechanism to specify number of space-time dimensions.

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Date Modified: 2022.0224