In networks {spin network}|, nodes are space states, and edges connecting nodes are state transitions. Particle motions are translations from node to node, with possible momentum and angular-momentum changes. Transition series travel along edges {path, graph} {graph, path}. Therefore, spin networks are extensions of quantum mechanics and describe space-time quantum states and their transitions. They can approximate all space-time geometries, quantum states, and motions. Spin networks are about a single time.
nodes
Different node types represent different particles and their positions and angular momenta. Simple nodes are volume quanta. Networks have total volume equal to total angular momentum.
edges
Different edge types represent different fields, energies, or forces between masses. Simple lines between nodes are area quanta. Edge lines indicate momentum.
quantum loops
Spin networks can represent linked quantum loops and their possible kinks. Therefore, spin networks can approximate quantum foam. However, spin networks cannot represent quantum-foam intersections, links, or knots.
Physical Sciences>Physics>Quantum Loop Theory
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Date Modified: 2022.0224