Heating or cooling material can change phase {state change}| {change of state}, by changing chemical arrangement. Molecules spread farther apart, or pack closer together, and change potential energy. Phase changes can happen when increased heat translational kinetic energy causes increased volume, which favors new electrical-attraction structures.
types
State change can be condensation, vaporization, solidification, sublimation, or fusion.
time
Phase change is usually rapid.
temperature
Temperature is constant during state change, because added or removed kinetic energy goes into potential energy change, so average random translational kinetic energy is constant.
pressure
More pressure tends to lower state from gas to liquid to solid, because it compresses molecules and so lowers potential energy.
Physical Sciences>Physics>Heat>Phase
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Date Modified: 2022.0224