Electronics can use electron charge and spin {spintronics} {magneto-electronics}. Flowing-electron spins {spin current} can align {spin-polarized}.
resistance
Electrical resistance {magnetoresistance} can change in different-polarization magnetic layers. Electrons take curved paths, slow in current direction, and decrease current. Computer hard drives can use magnetoresistant read heads [1998].
spin
Quantum spintronics can control single-electron spin. When nitrogen atoms replace carbon atoms in diamond, adjacent locations can be empty {nitrogen-vacancy center} (N-V center). Doped diamonds can semiconduct. N-V centers make single fluorescing electrons with two energy levels, with no ionization.
Physical Sciences>Physics>Electromagnetism>Magnetism>Machine
5-Physics-Electromagnetism-Magnetism-Machine
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0224