Electromagnetic and weak forces unify {electroweak force}| {electric-weak unification theory} under SU(2) x U(1) Lie symmetry group, with gauge symmetry. An adjoint representation uses U(1) subgroup of SU(2), making electroweak Higgs field. W+, W-, and Z bosons and photons are equivalent at proton-diameter distances and high energies. Spontaneous symmetry breaking in current universe causes W+, W-, and Z bosons to have mass and photons to have zero rest mass.
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5-Physics-Dynamics-Force-Kinds
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Date Modified: 2022.0224