Temperature differences cause air movement {wind}|. Hot air rises, and cool air falls.
mountains
Wind goes up mountains by day, because top heats first, and goes down by night, because top cools first.
land and sea
During day, wind goes from sea to land, as land heats first and air rises from it. At night, wind goes from land to sea, because water's high heat capacity causes sea to stay warmer longer.
ocean
Jet streams and polar winds make oceans flow clockwise in Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in Southern Hemisphere, making west coasts dry near equator and wet near pole, and east coasts humid, with big storms.
Earth rotation
Warm air at equator rises and flows toward poles under tropopause. Cold air at poles stays near ground and moves toward equator. Earth rotation makes air at surface flow from east to west in Arctic and east to west in equatorial zone.
Equatorial hot air rises and flows north as cold air from north slides under it, while spinning Earth spins these masses clockwise in Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in Southern Hemisphere. Middle, temperate latitudes have no steady surface winds but usually two or three great swirls, with eddies.
Physical Sciences>Earth Science>Atmosphere>Wind
5-Earth Science-Atmosphere-Wind
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Date Modified: 2022.0224