Cells change light energy into chemical-bond energy {energy cycle, cells}. Cells make glucose and can make ATP high-energy bonds. Cells diffuse ATP to all cell parts. Cells use ATP to phosphorylate other compounds. Cells use ATP to make acetyl-CoA for making carbon-carbon bonds. Cells use high-energy compounds to synthesize molecules, cause movement, send electrical signals, or generate heat. Cells break down synthesized molecules, dissipate electric energy, and make energy into heat through friction.
reduced molecule
Cells use ATP to make NADH, NADPH, and FADH2 [2 is subscript] electron acceptors and hydrogen donors. Reduced molecules, which can oxidize to release energy, store energy for biochemical reactions. Oxidation-reduction reactions are reversible. NAD can add one hydrogen atom to make reduced NADH. Phosphated NADP can reduce to NADPH. FAD can add two hydrogens to make reduced FADH2 [2 is subscript].
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Biochemistry>Chemical Cycle>Energy
5-Chemistry-Biochemistry-Chemical Cycle-Energy
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Date Modified: 2022.0224