Oxidation or reduction voltage change {oxidation-reduction titration} can indicate compound amount. Indicator oxidation increases voltage, by millivolts. Indicator reduction decreases voltage. Indicators and samples can change color.
types
Potassium permanganate is oxidizing agent, which standardizes with sodium oxalate or iron (II) sulfate. Potassium chromate is standard oxidizing agent. Cerium +4 ion in acid is standard oxidizing agent, with ferroin as indicator.
Thiosulfate is reducing agent, which oxygen in water does not oxidize and which standardizes with perchloric acid. Fe+2 ion titrates cerium, chromium, and vanadium ions, with ferroin as indicator. Tin (II) chloride reduces iron.
reactions
Carbon dioxide or acid removes sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide reducing agents. Acid removes metals like zinc and lead. Phenol removes bromine and chlorine. Hydrazine boiling removes permanganate and peroxide.
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Analytical Chemistry>Electricity
5-Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry-Electricity
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Date Modified: 2022.0224