Voltage can separate charged molecules in solution {electrophoresis}|. Electrophoresis can use pH gradient.
purposes
Electrophoresis can separate nucleic acids and peptides by size and charge.
process
Solution at constant, buffered pH is in paper or gel. Voltage applied across paper or gel moves charged molecules. The most-highly-charged molecules move most. Molecular size and shape also affect movement.
gel
Gel can be polyacrylamide {polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis} (PAGE). Gel can be agarose sugar, which can have different concentrations to separate different size ranges. Thinner gels allow more resistance and so more voltage compared to current.
detergent
During electrophoresis {SDS-gel electrophoresis}, detergent can coat molecules. Molecules then have same shape and charge, so only molecule size determines separation.
pH
During electrophoresis {zone electrophoresis} {moving boundary electrophoresis}, solution pH can change as solution moves. During electrophoresis {disc electrophoresis}, solution pH in gels can change over time in one direction. During electrophoresis {slab electrophoresis}, solution pH in gels can change over time in two directions.
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Analytical Chemistry>Electricity
5-Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry-Electricity
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Date Modified: 2022.0224