Blood factors and processes {clotting}| can convert soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin, in three stages.
In first blood-clotting step, platelets attach to disrupted-blood-vessel rough surfaces and disintegrate, aided by protein factors {antihemophilic factor} (AHF) X, VII, XII, XI, IX, VIII, and V, which initiate blood clotting.
Tissue injury releases soluble tissue components {tissue factor} that make thromboplastin enzyme.
Cells release enzymes {thromboplastin}. In second blood-clotting step, thromboplastin, calcium, and factors X, VII, XII, XI, IX, VIII, and V convert thrombinogen to thrombin. Then thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin, in four to ten minutes. Heparin and dicumarol prevent making fibrin. Bile deficiency prevents vitamin-K absorption and prevents making fibrin, by decreasing liver proteins.
In third blood-clotting step, blood clots {thrombus} on blood-vessel walls.
People {hemophiliac}| {bleeder} can lack antihemophilic factors and have poor blood clotting.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225