People can be unable to retrieve memories {amnesia, disease}|. Amnesias can have long-term memory loss but retain short-term memory. People typically cannot remember events from when amnesia started up to recent times in the past.
duration
Amnesias can last several years. Over time, people remember earlier memories, as well as independent episodes. People typically can never remember time just before amnesia started.
types
People can be unable to identify people whom they know in other contexts {restricted paramnesia}. Autobiographical memory loss {fission, memory} can cause personal identity loss and inability to use first person.
causes
Electroconvulsive shock, potassium chloride, fluorothyl, barbiturates, and RNA, DNA, and protein synthesis-inhibiting drugs can cause forgetting and retrograde amnesia but can be offset by stimulants.
Head blows can cause memory loss with no other effects {postconcussion syndrome}.
Medial-temporal-lobe ischemia causes disorientation and recent-memory loss {transient global amnesia}.
Removing both temporal lobes and both hippocampuses, to treat epilepsy, causes orthograde amnesia.
recovery
Amnesias can heal but not if brain damage is permanent.
People can be unable to make long-term memories {anterograde amnesia}.
Amnesias {Korsakoff syndrome}| can have inattentiveness, poor recent memory, retrograde amnesia, anterograde amnesia, and time and place disorientation. Chronic alcoholics with poor nutrition can have Korsakoff syndrome. It affects third-ventricle floor, thalamus dorsomedial nucleus, hippocampal region, mamillary bodies, and frontal lobes [Korsakoff, 1887] [Korsakoff, 1890].
Hippocampus damage can cause loss of recently stored memories {retrograde amnesia}. Time lost depends on memory type and strength.
4-Medicine-Disease-Kinds-Organ-Nerve
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Date Modified: 2022.0225