Genes that regulate cell growth and division can have mutations or expression errors that cause tissues to grow too rapidly {cancer}|.
cell division
Normal cells can have 70 replications. Cancer cells make, or react to growth-promoting chemicals and make, molecules that trigger cell division. Cancer cells have no cell-division limits. Cancer cells do not respond to molecules from adjacent tissues that normally stop growth and cell division.
cell death
Cell mechanisms for killing cells in response to DNA damage do not affect cancer cells.
steps
Common progression to cancer is inflammation, metaplasia or hyperplasia, dysplasia or neoplasia, and carcinoma or other cancer types. Perhaps, inflammation is from bacteria or toxins. Cancer starts with oncogene activation, followed by transformed-cell proliferation, immune-system-mechanism evasion, and tumor angiogenesis-factor release. Cancer cells have chemokine receptors.
types
Tissue cancers are carcinoma, sarcoma, leukemia, and lymphoma.
Organ cancers are mostly in lung, large intestine, colon, rectum, and breast. Organ cancers have lower frequency in pancreas, prostate, stomach, and brain.
types: immune system
In immune system, genes that regulate transpositions that make antibodies can have mutations or expression errors that express protein {c-myc protein} that can cause leukemia, lymphoma, B-cell tumor, and T-cell tumor.
blood vessels
Tumors can secrete angiogenesis factors that make blood vessels grow.
aneuploidy
Perhaps, cancerous cells first change chromosome number or arrangement {aneuploidy, cancer} and later become cancerous. Chromosome parts duplicate, transfer, switch, join, and become lost, so genes that control cell division {master genes} can mutate or change epigenetically. Perhaps, centrosome RNA genes have master genes. Chromosomes can also add or subtract histone proteins and acidic nuclear proteins. Enediynes break DNA apart.
contagious cancer
Canine venereal tumor disease and devil facial tumor disease are contagious cancers.
Biological Sciences>Medicine>Disease>Kinds>Cancer
4-Medicine-Disease-Kinds-Cancer
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0224