Enzymes {gamma-glutamyl carboxylase} can clot human blood, be in fruit flies, make cone snail venom, and participate in embryonic development. Carboxylase began at least 540 million years ago, when arthropods, mollusks, and chordates diverged, because arthropod, mollusc, and chordate gamma-glutamyl-carboxylase genes have similar introns, which direct protein folding. Therefore, introns began before 540 million years ago.
Biological Sciences>Genetics>Gene>Blood
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Date Modified: 2022.0224