After double fertilization, flowers fall off. Ovules thicken walls to form seeds. Ovaries enlarge to make new organs {fruit}|.
Fruits are mature-ovule seeds and ovary walls {pericarp}. Ovary walls can be fleshy, as in apple, or dry and hard, as in maple. Seeds can be in ovary, as in apples, peaches, oranges, squash, and cucumbers. Seeds can be on surface, as in corn and strawberry. Fleshy fruits can have one or more seeds and skin, as tomato, cranberry, banana, and grape. Compound inferior ovaries can have many seeds in thick flesh {pome}, as in pear and apple.
botanical fruit
Tomato, squash, cucumber, and eggplant {botanical fruit} develop from flowers and so are not like vegetables.
dehiscent
Some fruits do not split open to release seed {indehiscent} and are typically samaras. Dry fruits can have one seed that splits open {dehiscent}, as in walnut.
Sepals, petals, or receptacles can be fruit parts {accessory fruit}, as in apple. Accessory fruits {aggregate-accessory fruit} can have edible enlarged receptacles, as in strawberry and blackberry.
Fruits {aggregate fruit} can have simple flowers, with one corolla, one calyx, one stem, and many ovaries. Aggregate fruits can be from flowers with several pistils, as in raspberry and blackberry.
Fleshy fruits {berry, fruit}| can have pulpy walls.
Fruits {drupe}| can have stones, as in peach and apricot. One-seed fleshy fruits can have fleshy outer pericarp and bony inner pericarp {endocarp}.
Seeds can join to stalks {hilum}.
Fruit clusters can unite {multiple fruit}, as in pineapple. Multiple fruits have separate and independent flower clusters, with calyx and corolla, as in pineapple, fig, and beet.
Dry fruits {nut}| have shells.
Seeds {samara}| can have wings, as in ash, elm, and maple.
Fruits {simple fruit} can be from flowers with one pistil, such as cherry, date, and palm. Dry simple fruits have paper, leather, or hard ovary walls. Pods can split into two sides {valve, pod} with seeds attached to one edge, as in peanut, pea, bean, and other legumes. Dry thin-walled fruits or pods {capsule, fruit} can have more than one seed and several parts separated by grooved lines {carpel, fruit}, as in poppy.
4-Botany-Plant-Vascular-Angiosperm
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Date Modified: 2022.0225