Touches can be acute or smooth, steady or vibrating, and light or heavy {touch properties}.
Physically, touches have transverse motions and pressures (compression, tension, and torsion) that displace surface areas. Physiologically, people feel hardness, elasticity, surface texture, motion, smooth surface texture, rough surface texture, tickle, sharp touch, and tingle. Touch perceptual processes [Bolanowski et al., 1998] [Hollins, 2002] [Johnson, 2002] compare free nerve ending (smooth or rough surface texture), hair cell (motion), Meissner corpuscle (vibration), Merkel cell (light compression and vibration), pacinian corpuscle (deep compression and vibration), palisade cell (light compression), and Ruffini endorgan (slip, stretch, and vibration) inputs to find compression-tension and vibration. Pressure compression and tension determine hardness, elasticity, surface texture, motion, smooth surface texture, rough surface texture, tickle, sharp touch, and tingle. People can distinguish 10 compression-tension levels. Stimulus intensity and frequency determines vibration. People can distinguish 10 motion levels.
Consciousness>Consciousness>Speculations>Sensation>Psychology>Sense
1-Consciousness-Speculations-Sensation-Psychology-Sense
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Date Modified: 2022.0224