Objects have shape, texture, color, spatial location, distance, surface orientation, and motion. Brain processes object information in separate brain regions at different times and different processing speeds. Perception neural activities associate {binding} all feature and object information at all times [Domany et al., 1994] [Lisman and Idiart, 1995] [Malsburg, 1981] [Malsburg, 1995] [Malsburg, 1999] [Milner, 1974] [Robertson, 2003] [Treisman, 1996] [Treisman and Schmidt, 1982] [Treisman, 1998] [Tsal, 1989] [Wojciulik and Kanwisher, 1998] [Wolfe and Cave, 1999]. Color, shape, depth, motion, and orientation unify into objects and events [Treisman, 2003]. Same-spatial-location features associate. Simultaneous features associate.
attention
Binding typically requires attention. Perhaps, attention enhances attended-object brain processing. Simultaneous attention to features associates them. With minimum attention, adjacent-object property can bind to half-attended object. With no attention, non-conscious information processing can have perceptual binding [Treisman and Gelade, 1980].
short-term memory
Binding requires short-term memory, which holds all object features simultaneously. Short-term memory processing has EEG gamma waves. Perhaps, reverberating brain activity causes gamma waves. However, short-term memory involves more than synchronous or phasic firing [Tallon-Baudry and Bertrand, 1999].
brain processes
Perhaps, binding uses neuron labels, gene patterns, development patterns, frequently repeated experiences, space location, or time synchronization [Malsburg, 1999]. Learned associations link similar features.
Mammal superior colliculus can integrate same-spatial-location multisensory information, but reptiles use only separate sense processes [O'Regan and Noë, 2001]. Strongly firing cortical and thalamic neurons link temporarily. Medial-temporal-lobe system, especially hippocampus, is for binding. Visual-cortex neuron-assembly synchronous firing can represent object images [Engel and Singer, 2001] [Engel et al., 1991] [Engel et al., 1999] [Gray, 1999] [Gray et al., 1989] [Kreiter and Singer, 1996] [Laurent, 1999] [Laurent et al., 2001] [MacLeod et al., 1998] [Malsburg, 1981] [Malsburg, 1999] [Shadlen and Movshon, 1999] [Singer, 1999] [Singer, 2000] [Stopfer et al., 1997] [Thiele and Stoner, 2003]. Perhaps, master maps or central information exchanges synchronize topographic maps.
Consciousness>Consciousness>Sense>Physiology>Binding
1-Consciousness-Sense-Physiology-Binding
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Date Modified: 2022.0224