pain

People have acute or dull personal discomfort and avoidance feelings {pain, sense}. Some people cannot feel pain.

physical properties

Painful events include tissue strains and releases of molecules that cause chemical reactions. Molecules vary in size, shape, chemical sites, and vibration states. Chemicals vary in concentration. Painful chemicals chemically bind to tissue chemical receptors.

properties

Pains can be throbbing, burning, dull, or acute/sharp. People perceive pain at body locations and also have overall bad feelings. Lower back pains are the most common. Deviating from chemical and function equilibrium is typically not painful. People in pain can still have humor and laughter.

nature

Perhaps, pain includes dislike or avoidance. Pains are not concepts, observations, or judgments. Pain is not intentional but is only about itself.

brain

Pain uses cerebral cortex and is always conscious. Pain perception uses thalamus and is not conscious. Pain differs in species, because neocortices differ. Squid seem to feel pain.

factors

Prior experience influences pain. Pain anticipation increases pain. Body movement can lessen sharp pain and increase chronic pain. Sensitivity to pain is greatest at 9 PM. Pain sensitivity decreases with age.

senses

Temperature and nociceptive receptor systems interact. Tactile and nociceptive receptor systems interact.

evolution

Humans seem to have higher sensitivity to pain than other mammals. Lower animals have even less pain. Squid seem to feel pain.

development

By 156 days (five months), fetus can have pain. Newborns can have pain. By 4 months, infants have undifferentiated fear reactions to people and animals associated with pain, and so coordinate vision and pain perceptions.

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Date Modified: 2022.0224