symbol grounding

Subjective experiences require relation {symbol grounding, experience} between internal thing or event and external thing or event. External things or events are physical memories or environmental effects. Internal things or events are sensations. Symbol grounding includes both perceptions and mental experiences.

symbol

Symbols are perceptions that label, index, or refer to perceptions or concepts. Both symbol and reference perceptions are mental representations. Perceptions have relations and form reference system. Nothing is intrinsically symbol, because only relations make symbols. As perceptions, symbols have space, time, intensity, and quality. Most symbols are non-conscious, but symbols, such as colors, can be conscious.

symbol system

Most perceptions are objects that are not in systems. Symbols have added meaning, because they have relations in coding systems. Coding systems use symbol sets and have processing mechanisms that have symbol reading, processing, and writing rules. When symbol appears, typically in a symbol series, coding-system processing mechanism follows rules to use symbol. Results/outputs are symbol meaning. Meaning occurs only in symbol systems.

environment

Perhaps, isolated systems cannot have subjective experiences. Perhaps, systems must learn, have memory, or interact with environment. Learning can supply outside information. Memory can supply secondary information sources. Environment can provide intention references [Harnad, 1990] [McGinn, 1987] [McGinn, 1989] [McGinn, 1991] [McGinn, 1999] [Velmans, 1996] [Velmans, 2000]. For example, computer programs on installation CDs do not interact with other information {isolation, system}. They cannot run, receive input, or produce output. Installing programs on computers allows programs to receive environment input, so they can establish references to real things [Chalmers, 1996] [Chalmers, 2000].

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Date Modified: 2022.0224