Using ampullae of Lorenzini or tuberous receptors, electric fish can detect electric-field-change information and electric waves {electroreception}|, and send along lateral-line nerve to brain. Rays, skates, sawfish, electric rays, sturgeons, lungfish, sharks, and ratfish or chimaera combine electroreceptor system with other sense modes.
Sharks, skates, electric rays, rays, lungfish, sawfish, sturgeon, and ratfish {chimaera} have skin pores that open into electrically charged gel tubes, which go to ampullae {ampullae of Lorenzini} (Stefano Lorenzini) [1678]. Ampullae have one sensor layer, with calcium ion inflow and potassium ion outflow, that sends to neurons that send along lateral-line nerve to brain.
Elephant-nose fish and other mud dwellers emit electric fields and have electric-field receptors {tuberous receptor} that detect electric-field disturbances caused by other-organism movements.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225